{
  "authors": [],
  "basis": {
    "capacity": "1200 t/d MEG (50 t/h; ASSUMED normalisation basis)",
    "location": "generic (not chosen)",
    "operating_hours_per_year": 8000
  },
  "benchmarks": [],
  "chemistry": {
    "inputs": [
      {
        "chemical": "ethylene",
        "grade": null,
        "note": "feed:ETH: pipeline polymer-grade ethylene, 0.596 kg/kg MEG (unallocated)",
        "role": "feedstock"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "oxygen",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "feed:OXY",
        "note": "Pipeline GOX 99.5 mol% O2 from the library's asu-1 (product GOXP)",
        "role": "feedstock"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "methane",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "feed:MET",
        "note": "Methane ballast make-up of the EO recycle loop (ASSUMED pure CH4); lost with the purge and the CO2 vent",
        "role": "feedstock"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "water",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "feed:PW",
        "note": "Demineralised make-up water for the hydration and the bleed",
        "role": "feedstock"
      }
    ],
    "outputs": [
      {
        "chemical": "ethylene-glycol",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:MEG",
        "note": "Monoethylene glycol to storage",
        "role": "main-product"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "diethylene-glycol",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:DEG",
        "note": "Diethylene glycol to storage",
        "role": "co-product"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "triethylene-glycol",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:TEG",
        "note": "Triethylene glycol to storage",
        "role": "co-product"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "carbon-dioxide",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:CO2V",
        "note": "CO2 of the ethylene burnt in the EO reactor, vented from the carbonate regenerator",
        "role": "emission"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "wastewater",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:WW",
        "note": "0.5 % bleed of the recycle water (0.1 wt% MEG) to biological treatment",
        "role": "waste"
      }
    ],
    "utilities": [
      {
        "chemical": "electricity",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "feed:POWER",
        "note": "Recycle gas compressor, pumps, auxiliaries (ASSUMED electric drives)",
        "role": "utility"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "steam",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "feed:MPS",
        "note": "MP steam 2800 kPa(a) import (heat delivered) net of the steam raised in the EO reactor and used in the plant",
        "role": "utility"
      },
      {
        "chemical": "cooling-water",
        "grade": null,
        "inventory_key": "product:CW",
        "note": "25/35 C (ASSUMED)",
        "role": "utility"
      }
    ]
  },
  "description": "A glycols-only EO/EG plant (no high-purity EO product). Fresh ethylene, oxygen (the library's\nasu-1 GOX) and methane ballast join the recycle gas; the multitubular EO reactor converts 9 %\nof the ethylene per pass at 85 % selectivity (inside the ranges of the EU BREF on large volume\norganic chemicals, 2017) and raises steam on its shell. EO is absorbed in water and stripped,\na slip stream of the recycle gas loses its CO2 in hot potassium carbonate, and 0.15 % of the\ngas is purged to fuel. The aqueous EO is hydrated with 20 mol water per mol EO without\ncatalyst; the water is removed in a four-effect evaporator and a drying column and recycled\nwith a bleed; vacuum columns give MEG, DEG and TEG and a small heavy glycols residue.\n\nAll flows come from an independent sequential balance (scripts/eg_balance.py) on assumed\nparameters; cheme closes every block and step balance and checks the reactors by elements.\nDuties are a lumped estimate: no property package covers the streams. See\nDESIGN.md of the engineering files for every assumption and gated step.\n",
  "design_basis": {
    "assumptions": [
      "ASSUMED per-pass ethylene conversion 9 % and EO selectivity 85 mol% (BREF LVOC 2017 7.2.1.1.1: 8-10 % and 75-90 %), D-004.",
      "ASSUMED reactor inlet 30 mol% C2H4, 8 mol% O2, 1 mol% CO2, methane ballast; loop 2000-2200 kPa(a), reactor 523 K (BREF: 200-300 C, 15-25 bar), D-004.",
      "ASSUMED inerts purge 0.15 % of the recycle gas (BREF 7.2.2.1: 0.1-0.2 %), CO2 removal 90 % of the slip stream by hot potassium carbonate, D-004.",
      "ASSUMED water:EO 20 mol/mol at the glycol reactor inlet, full EO conversion, relative rate of EO with glycols vs water 2.0 per mol (consecutive model), D-005; result 92.0 wt% MEG in the glycols (BREF 7.2.2.5: 75-92 wt%).",
      "ASSUMED 0.5 % bleed of the recycle water, 4-effect evaporation (economy 3.2), vacuum drying and three vacuum glycol columns, D-005, D-008.",
      "No property package covers EO-water-glycol or the loop gas: duties from a lumped estimate in scripts/eg_balance.py (D-007, D-008)."
    ],
    "source": "process/design-basis.yaml"
  },
  "engineering": {
    "description": "",
    "name": "Ethylene glycol (ethylene oxide hydration)",
    "requires": "cheme-as-code>=0.8",
    "stage": "concept",
    "stages": [
      {
        "id": "concept",
        "title": "Concept and feasibility"
      },
      {
        "id": "basic",
        "title": "Basic engineering"
      },
      {
        "id": "detail",
        "title": "Detail engineering"
      }
    ],
    "tool": "plantcode"
  },
  "facets": {
    "feedstock_basis": [
      "fossil"
    ],
    "product_classes": [
      "chemicals"
    ],
    "region": "generic",
    "unit_operations": [
      "reaction",
      "absorption",
      "stripping",
      "compression",
      "evaporation",
      "distillation"
    ]
  },
  "families": [
    "oxygenates"
  ],
  "gap_count": 4,
  "gates": null,
  "id": "ethylene-glycol-1",
  "issues": {
    "closed_count": 0,
    "list_url": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues?q=is%3Aissue%20label%3A%22process%3Aethylene-glycol-1%22",
    "new": {
      "action": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=1-action-item.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1",
      "change": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=4-design-change.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1",
      "hold": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=2-engineering-hold.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1",
      "process": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=6-process-development.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1",
      "tq": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=3-technical-query.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1",
      "tracker": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library/issues/new?template=7-process-tracker.yml&labels=process%3Aethylene-glycol-1&process=ethylene-glycol-1"
    },
    "open": [],
    "open_by_gate": {},
    "open_count": 0,
    "private": false,
    "repository": "ChemE-as-Code/process-library"
  },
  "keywords": [
    "ethylene glycol",
    "MEG",
    "monoethylene glycol",
    "diethylene glycol",
    "triethylene glycol",
    "ethylene oxide",
    "EO/EG",
    "direct oxidation",
    "silver catalyst",
    "hydration",
    "multi-effect evaporation",
    "vacuum distillation"
  ],
  "lca": {
    "allocation": null,
    "backend": "factors",
    "boundary": "cradle-to-gate",
    "categories": [
      {
        "id": "climate-change",
        "method": "GWP100",
        "title": "Climate change",
        "unit": "kg CO2-eq"
      }
    ],
    "contributions": [
      {
        "basis": "ipcc2021-gwp100 (124-38-9, air, fossil)",
        "category": "climate-change",
        "impact": 0.252873,
        "key": "emission:CO2",
        "phase": "operation",
        "share": 0.9593,
        "status": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      {
        "basis": "ipcc2021-gwp100 (74-82-8, air, fossil)",
        "category": "climate-change",
        "impact": 0.0107216,
        "key": "emission:CH4",
        "phase": "operation",
        "share": 0.0407,
        "status": "PUBLISHED"
      }
    ],
    "data_sources": [],
    "factors_status": "published",
    "functional_unit": {
      "amount": 1,
      "chemical": "ethylene-glycol",
      "grade": null,
      "label": "1 kg ethylene glycol (monoethylene glycol)",
      "product": "MEG",
      "product_name": "Ethylene glycol (monoethylene glycol)",
      "product_title": "Monoethylene glycol to storage",
      "unit": "kg"
    },
    "goal": "Preliminary foreground (gate-to-gate) life cycle inventory of monoethylene glycol by direct oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide and thermal hydration, at the concept stage: which raw materials, utilities, emissions and wastes the balanced flowsheet implies per kg of MEG, ready to be linked to background datasets later. Flows are concept estimates on assumed design parameters inside the BREF LVOC 2017 ranges (DESIGN.md D-004 to D-008).",
    "inventory": [
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:ETH",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.547961,
        "title": "Ethylene (pipeline polymer grade)",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:OXY",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.543372,
        "title": "Oxygen (pipeline GOX from asu-1)",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:MET",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.00925364,
        "title": "Methane ballast make-up",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:PW",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.212028,
        "title": "Process water make-up (demineralised)",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:MPS",
        "kind": "energy",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 1.01009,
        "title": "MP steam 2800 kPa(a) import",
        "unit": "kWh"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "feed:POWER",
        "kind": "energy",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.124417,
        "title": "Electric power",
        "unit": "kWh"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:MEG",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 1.0,
        "title": "Monoethylene glycol to storage",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:DEG",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.083358,
        "title": "Diethylene glycol to storage",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:TEG",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.003566,
        "title": "Triethylene glycol to storage",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:HVY",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.000268648,
        "title": "Heavy glycols residue (to sale or incineration)",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:PURGE",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.0235803,
        "title": "Inerts purge to the fuel gas header",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:CO2V",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.260714,
        "title": "CO2 stripper vent to atmosphere",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:WW",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.0280516,
        "title": "Recycle water bleed to biological treatment",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "product:CW",
        "kind": "energy",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 3.14428,
        "title": "Cooling water return",
        "unit": "kWh"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "emission:C2H4",
        "kind": "emission",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.000359785,
        "title": "C2H4 to the environment",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "emission:CH4",
        "kind": "emission",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.000359785,
        "title": "CH4 to the environment",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "emission:CO2",
        "kind": "emission",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.252873,
        "title": "CO2 to the environment",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "emission:H2O",
        "kind": "emission",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.00712113,
        "title": "H2O to the environment",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "input",
        "key": "consumable:eo-catalyst",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.000143984,
        "title": "Silver EO catalyst on alumina (replacement charge, averaged)",
        "unit": "kg"
      },
      {
        "direction": "output",
        "key": "disposal:consumable.eo-catalyst",
        "kind": "material",
        "phase": "operation",
        "provenance": "assumed",
        "quantity": 0.000143984,
        "title": "Disposal: Silver EO catalyst on alumina (replacement charge, averaged) (silver recovery from the spent catalyst at a precious-metal reclaimer (BREF LVOC 2017 7.3.6.3))",
        "unit": "kg"
      }
    ],
    "no_total": {},
    "not_computed": [],
    "pcf": [],
    "publishable": true,
    "result": {
      "classification": "partial",
      "gaps": 11,
      "label": "partial screening carbon footprint",
      "publication": "public"
    },
    "sources": [
      "lca/README.md",
      "lca/dataset.yaml",
      "lca/factors.yaml",
      "lca/gaps.csv",
      "lca/inventory.csv",
      "lca/lca.yaml",
      "lca/mappings.yaml",
      "lca/results.csv",
      "lca/results.md",
      "lca/uncertainty.csv"
    ],
    "totals": {
      "baseline": {
        "climate-change": 0.263595
      }
    },
    "withheld_reason": null
  },
  "lci_gaps": [
    {
      "dataset": "ethylene-glycol-by-ethylene-oxide-hydration-glycols-only-50-t-h-meg",
      "key": "feed:MET",
      "link": "technosphere",
      "type": "input"
    },
    {
      "dataset": "ethylene-glycol-by-ethylene-oxide-hydration-glycols-only-50-t-h-meg",
      "key": "product:HVY",
      "link": "technosphere",
      "type": "output"
    },
    {
      "dataset": "ethylene-glycol-by-ethylene-oxide-hydration-glycols-only-50-t-h-meg",
      "key": "product:PURGE",
      "link": "technosphere",
      "type": "output"
    },
    {
      "dataset": "ethylene-glycol-by-ethylene-oxide-hydration-glycols-only-50-t-h-meg",
      "key": "consumable:eo-catalyst",
      "link": "technosphere",
      "type": "input"
    }
  ],
  "maintainers": [
    {
      "name": "Artur Schweidtmann"
    }
  ],
  "maturity": "concept",
  "preliminary": true,
  "provenance": {
    "library_commit": "c3ab3488c602bc797fdc98feffd4578375150dd0",
    "previews": {
      "sheets": [
        "BFD",
        "PFD"
      ],
      "source_commit": "c3ab3488c602bc797fdc98feffd4578375150dd0",
      "tool": "cheme 1.6.0 (pyDEXPI 2.1.0)"
    },
    "previews_stale": false,
    "source_commit": "c3ab3488c602bc797fdc98feffd4578375150dd0"
  },
  "publication": {
    "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "status": "public"
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "title": "European Commission JRC (2017) Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Production of Large Volume Organic Chemicals (JRC109279, EUR 28882 EN), chapter 7 Ethylene oxide and ethylene glycols",
      "url": "https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2019-11/JRC109279_LVOC_Bref.pdf"
    },
    {
      "doi": "10.1002/14356007.a10_101",
      "title": "Rebsdat, S.; Mayer, D. (2001) Ethylene Glycol. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (route lead, not audited in this run)"
    }
  ],
  "repository": {
    "access": "public",
    "path": "processes/ethylene-glycol-1",
    "url": "https://github.com/ChemE-as-Code/process-library"
  },
  "representations": [
    {
      "bytes": 52281,
      "id": "BFD",
      "kind": "bfd",
      "preview": "artifacts/ethylene-glycol-1/BFD.svg",
      "source": "process/BFD.xml",
      "status": "preview",
      "title": "Block flow diagram"
    },
    {
      "bytes": 257972,
      "id": "PFD",
      "kind": "pfd",
      "preview": "artifacts/ethylene-glycol-1/PFD.svg",
      "source": "process/PFD.xml",
      "status": "preview",
      "title": "Process flow diagram"
    },
    {
      "id": "process-model",
      "kind": "process-model",
      "source": "process/flowsheet.yaml",
      "status": "viewer",
      "title": "Flowsheet and stream table"
    },
    {
      "id": "simulation",
      "kind": "simulation",
      "source": "process/simulation.yaml",
      "status": "viewer",
      "title": "Process simulation"
    },
    {
      "id": "equipment-list",
      "kind": "equipment-list",
      "source": "equipment/equipment-list.yaml",
      "status": "viewer",
      "title": "Equipment list"
    },
    {
      "id": "lca",
      "kind": "lca",
      "source": "lca/lca.yaml",
      "status": "viewer",
      "title": "Life cycle assessment"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Ethylene and pipeline oxygen to ethylene oxide over silver with methane ballast, water absorption and stripping, hot-carbonate CO2 removal, thermal hydration with excess water, multi-effect evaporation and vacuum distillation to MEG, DEG and TEG. Concept stage, assumed basis, preliminary gate-to-gate inventory.",
  "title": "Ethylene glycol by ethylene oxide hydration (glycols-only EO/EG plant, 1200 t/d MEG)",
  "validation": {
    "notes": "Concept PFD with closed mass, component and element balances (cheme validate, cheme process streams: every block and step within tolerance; reactors checked by elements and extents). The flows are from an independent sequential balance (scripts/eg_balance.py) on ASSUMED parameters set inside the ranges of the BREF LVOC 2017 chapter 7 (per-pass conversion, EO selectivity, purge share, MEG share of the crude glycols); the glycol split rests on a consecutive-reaction model with an ASSUMED relative rate, not on sourced kinetics. Duties are a lumped estimate (latent heats, reflux ratios, evaporator economy, carbonate regeneration heat all ASSUMED); energy closure is not evaluable in core (no property package covers EO-water-glycol or the loop gas). Preliminary gate-to-gate LCI with every background unmapped (gaps). cheme maturity reaches no calculation level (feeds assumed, not sourced; reactors and separators specified, not predicted), as methanol-1; concept is the lowest level the manifest can state; the resulting warning cheme.maturity-claim-exceeds is accepted with this reason (DESIGN.md D-012). An agent review (reviews/2026-10-28-pfd-lci-review.md) found the energy estimate understated: the E-101 feed/effluent exchanger and the glycol feed heater are now modelled, and the MP steam import is 3.95 GJ/t MEG (was 1.62, D-008); the consumables are declared in the LCA (D-010). No human review yet. Main products and feeds are listed under chemistry with their chemicals registry entries (issue #251).",
    "status": "unreviewed"
  },
  "viewer": {
    "commit": "c3ab3488c602bc797fdc98feffd4578375150dd0",
    "dirty": false,
    "sheets": [
      "process/BFD.xml",
      "process/PFD.xml"
    ],
    "skipped": [],
    "snapshot": "snapshots/ethylene-glycol-1/",
    "stale": false,
    "tool": "cheme-as-code 1.6.0",
    "views": [
      "checks",
      "streams"
    ]
  }
}