Irreversible reaction

Methyl nitrite from sodium nitrite, methanol and sulfuric acid

2NaNO2+H2SO4+2CH4O2CH3NO2+Na2SO4+2H2O

Direction
Irreversible
Processes
1
Stated as
Rate law
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -82,750 kJ/kmol (one process)
Element balance
Checked: balances
As the processes state itStoichiometry, conversions, heats of reaction and catalyst windows are taken from each process's files with their provenance. The build checks only that each process's equation balances in every element, from the process's own component formulas; it does not check the numbers. A process's design maturity applies to them.

Species

SpeciesNameCASRoleCoefficient
NaNO2Sodium nitrite7632-00-0reactant-2
H2SO4Sulfuric acid7664-93-9reactant-1
CH4OMethanol67-56-1reactant-2
CH3NO2Methyl nitrite624-91-9product2
Na2SO4Sodium sulfate7757-82-6product1
H2OWater7732-18-5product2

In the processes

  • Sodium azide by the hydrazine / methyl nitrite route, batch, with precipitation from the reaction liquor (670 t/a)Concept · not reviewed

    NTG · Methyl nitrite from sodium nitrite, methanol and sulfuric acid2 NaNO2 + H2SO4 + 2 CH3OH → 2 CH3ONO + Na2SO4 + 2 H2O

    Stated as
    Rate law
    Phase
    liquid
    Element balance
    Balances in every element
    Heat of reaction
    ΔH = -82,750 kJ/kmol at 298.15 K, as written (assumed: 2 x (-66.1) - 1387.1 + 2 x (-285.825) - 2 x (-358.7) + 814.0 - 2 x (-238.4) kJ/mol: pure-substance standard states (chemicals: CRC, NIST WebBook), methyl nitrite as a gas; heats of solution not counted, ASSUMED to stand for the heat in solution (D-005))
    Rate law
    basis: volume; driving: concentration; form: power_law; k: {"A":"2.8779e7","Ea":50000}; orders: {"H2SO4":1,"NANO2":1}; temperature range: 283.15 – 313.15 (assumed: ASSUMED fast effective rate (D-005): no open kinetics found (2026-11-05); to be replaced by reaction calorimetry)

Sources

What the processes cite for this reaction, each source once: for the reaction itself, its conversion, its heat of reaction or its catalyst. As the processes write them; DOIs, US patent numbers and web addresses are linked.

  1. US 5 208 002 A (Nippon Carbide, 1993), Example 1: 35 wt% NaNO2 with an equimolar amount of methanol, 50 wt% H2SO4 (0.5 mol per mol of nitrite) metered in at 25 C over 8 h, the methyl nitrite gas passed into the azide reactor

    For the reaction · cited by Sodium azide by the hydrazine / methyl nitrite route, batch, with precipitation from the reaction liquor (670 t/a)

  2. 2 x (-66.1) - 1387.1 + 2 x (-285.825) - 2 x (-358.7) + 814.0 - 2 x (-238.4) kJ/mol: pure-substance standard states (chemicals: CRC, NIST WebBook), methyl nitrite as a gas; heats of solution not counted, ASSUMED to stand for the heat in solution (D-005)

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Sodium azide by the hydrazine / methyl nitrite route, batch, with precipitation from the reaction liquor (670 t/a)