Irreversible reaction

Sodium hypobromite from bromine and caustic soda

Br2+2NaOHNaBrO+NaBr+H2O

Direction
Irreversible
Processes
1
Stated as
Rate law
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -40,900 kJ/kmol (one process)
Element balance
Checked: balances
As the processes state itStoichiometry, conversions, heats of reaction and catalyst windows are taken from each process's files with their provenance. The build checks only that each process's equation balances in every element, from the process's own component formulas; it does not check the numbers. A process's design maturity applies to them.

Species

SpeciesNameCASRoleCoefficient
Br2Bromine7726-95-6reactant-1
NaOHSodium hydroxide1310-73-2reactant-2
NaBrOSodium hypobromite13824-96-9product1
NaBrSodium bromide7647-15-6product1
H2OWater7732-18-5product1

In the processes

  • Carbon tetrabromide by semi-batch haloform bromination of acetone in aqueous hypobromite (314 t/a)Concept · not reviewed

    HYPO · Sodium hypobromite from bromine and caustic sodaBr2 + 2 NaOH → NaBrO + NaBr + H2O

    Stated as
    Rate law
    Phase
    liquid
    Element balance
    Balances in every element
    Heat of reaction
    ΔH = -40,900 kJ/kmol at 298.15 K, as written (assumed: ASSUMED Hess's-law estimate (D-005): Br2(l) + 2 OH-(aq) -> Br-(aq) + BrO-(aq) + H2O(l) with OH- -230, Br- -121, H2O(l) -285.8 kJ/mol (Wikipedia, Standard enthalpy of formation, table, read 2026-11-05) and BrO- -94.1 kJ/mol (NBS tables, Wagman et al. 1982, not re-read; -91.5 elsewhere); Na+ cancels)
    Rate law
    basis: volume; driving: concentration; form: power_law; k: {"A":"3.249e6","Ea":40000}; orders: {"BR2":1,"NAOH":1}; temperature range: 273.15 – 313.15 (assumed: ASSUMED fast effective rate (D-005): no open kinetics of bromine in concentrated caustic found (2026-11-05); to be replaced by reaction calorimetry)

Sources

What the processes cite for this reaction, each source once: for the reaction itself, its conversion, its heat of reaction or its catalyst. As the processes write them; DOIs, US patent numbers and web addresses are linked.

  1. CN 101 885 665 A, claim 1 step 1 and the examples: bromine dripped into caustic soda at 0-5 C, then 20 min of stirring

    For the reaction · cited by Carbon tetrabromide by semi-batch haloform bromination of acetone in aqueous hypobromite (314 t/a)

  2. ASSUMED Hess's-law estimate (D-005): Br2(l) + 2 OH-(aq) -> Br-(aq) + BrO-(aq) + H2O(l) with OH- -230, Br- -121, H2O(l) -285.8 kJ/mol (Wikipedia, Standard enthalpy of formation, table, read 2026-11-05) and BrO- -94.1 kJ/mol (NBS tables, Wagman et al. 1982, not re-read; -91.5 elsewhere); Na+ cancels

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Carbon tetrabromide by semi-batch haloform bromination of acetone in aqueous hypobromite (314 t/a)