Ammonia oxidation to nitric oxide

Species

In the processes

• Hydroxylammonium sulfate by catalytic NO hydrogenation (30 kt/a NH2OH, 25 wt% solution)Concept · not reviewed

  NH3_NO4 NH3 + 5 O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O

  Stated as

  Fixed conversion

  Element balance

  Balances in every element

  Conversion

  98 % of NH3 (given: US 3,110,563 (BASF), Example a: NH3:O2:steam 14:18.6:67.4, 850-900 C, Pt/Rh; NH3-N recovered as NO 82 %, HNO3 15 %, nitrite 1 % = 98 % nitrogen oxides (D-005))

  Heat of reaction

  ΔH = -226,600 kJ/kmol at 298.15 K, as written (given: ideal-gas enthalpies of formation at 298 K (chemicals 1.5.2, Hfg): -906 kJ per 4 NH3)

  Catalyst

  Pt/Rh gauze (3-10 % Rh, US 3,110,563)

• Weak nitric acid by dual-pressure ammonia oxidation (1000 t/d HNO3 as 60 wt% acid)Concept · not reviewed

  NH3_OX4 NH3 + 5 O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O

  Stated as

  Fixed conversion

  Element balance

  Balances in every element

  Conversion

  95.5 % of NH3 (assumed: D-005: NO selectivity at the gauze, medium pressure, ASSUMED (no sourced selectivity used))

  Catalyst

  Pt/Rh gauze

• Sodium nitrite from ammonia oxidation and soda absorption (with sodium nitrate by inversion)Concept · not reviewed

  NH3_OX · Ammonia oxidation to nitric oxide4 NH3 + 5 O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O

  Stated as

  Fixed conversion

  Element balance

  Balances in every element

  Conversion

  97 % of NH3 (assumed: D-005: NO selectivity at a near-atmospheric Pt/Rh gauze, ASSUMED inside the 0.93-0.98 range usually stated for low-pressure burners; US 12 565 427 B2 calculates 92 % for its six-gauze burner (Detailed Description))

  Catalyst

  Pt/Rh gauze (95/5)

Sources

What the processes cite for this reaction, each source once: for the reaction itself, its conversion, its heat of reaction or its catalyst. As the processes write them; DOIs, US patent numbers and web addresses are linked.

1. US 3,110,563

   For the reaction · cited by Hydroxylammonium sulfate by catalytic NO hydrogenation (30 kt/a NH2OH, 25 wt% solution)

2. US 3,110,563 (BASF), Example a: NH3:O2:steam 14:18.6:67.4, 850-900 C, Pt/Rh; NH3-N recovered as NO 82 %, HNO3 15 %, nitrite 1 % = 98 % nitrogen oxides (D-005)

   For the conversion · cited by Hydroxylammonium sulfate by catalytic NO hydrogenation (30 kt/a NH2OH, 25 wt% solution)

3. ideal-gas enthalpies of formation at 298 K (chemicals 1.5.2, Hfg): -906 kJ per 4 NH3

   For the heat of reaction · cited by Hydroxylammonium sulfate by catalytic NO hydrogenation (30 kt/a NH2OH, 25 wt% solution)

4. cheme chemistry library nitric_acid (Ullmann's, article on nitric acid)

   For the reaction · cited by Weak nitric acid by dual-pressure ammonia oxidation (1000 t/d HNO3 as 60 wt% acid)

5. D-005: NO selectivity at the gauze, medium pressure, ASSUMED (no sourced selectivity used)

   For the conversion · cited by Weak nitric acid by dual-pressure ammonia oxidation (1000 t/d HNO3 as 60 wt% acid)

6. https://patents.google.com/patent/US12565427B2/en (Detailed Description, gauze and burner sections)

   For the reaction · cited by Sodium nitrite from ammonia oxidation and soda absorption (with sodium nitrate by inversion)

7. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_265 (Ullmann, Nitrates and Nitrites: route identity only, full text not read)

   For the reaction · cited by Sodium nitrite from ammonia oxidation and soda absorption (with sodium nitrate by inversion)

8. D-005: NO selectivity at a near-atmospheric Pt/Rh gauze, ASSUMED inside the 0.93-0.98 range usually stated for low-pressure burners; US 12 565 427 B2 calculates 92 % for its six-gauze burner (Detailed Description)

   For the conversion · cited by Sodium nitrite from ammonia oxidation and soda absorption (with sodium nitrate by inversion)

Starter template

Templates bring the stoichiometry, the components and typical catalysts; most give no conversion or kinetics, and their sources are general references, not this reaction's processes.