Potassium permanganate (technical grade) to packing

Activity Potassium permanganate from MnO2 ore by KOH roasting and electrolysis (1250 kg/h, concept), GLO: the inventory of 1 kilogram of its reference product, attributional, cut-off.

Calculation maturity: not assessed Design maturity: Concept (research)Not independently reviewedpotassium-permanganate-1:potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h:product:KMNO4PreliminaryReport a problem with this dataset
Research outputAn inventory from a research design at the design maturity its process states, not verified plant data: check its calculation maturity and review status before use. Background activities are referenced by name only; no background data is included. All caveats

What it is

Unallocated foreground LCI of Potassium permanganate from MnO2 ore by KOH roasting and electrolytic oxidation (1250 kg/h), case design, derived from the flowsheet by cheme assess lca.

Reference product
1 kilogram of Potassium permanganate (technical grade) to packing (1.01325 bar(a), 80 degC, 98.9403 % KMnO4 (mass))
Chemical
potassium-permanganate
CAS
7722-64-7
Code
potassium-permanganate-1:potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h:product:KMNO4
Dataset
potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h version 0.1.0 · UUID afc7b2b9-86b5-547b-abab-22fbf35867d5
Activity UUID
not available (the library assigns none; use the code)
Database
cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348 (version preview-c3ab348)
Process
Potassium permanganate from MnO2 ore by KOH roasting and electrolysis (1250 kg/h, concept)
Geography
GLO · background inputs with a site rule link at the user's site location (default DE)
Time period
2026 · valid until 2031
Technology
MnO2 ore roasted with KOH and air in an indirectly fired kiln, leach with recycled mother liquor and lime, divided-membrane electrolysis of manganate, cooling crystallisation, centrifuge, steam dryer, double-effect KOH evaporator; 1250 kg/h KMnO4 · level current
Boundary
gate-to-gate foreground of the plant
Production volume
10,000,000 kg/a (product:KMNO4 per hour x operation.hours_per_year (8000 h/a))
Classification
ISIC Rev.4 2011 (taxonomy/families.yaml (ISIC Rev.4) of the process's families)
System model
attributional, cut-off (docs/system-model.md, methodology 1.1.0)
Allocation
none, 100 % of the dataset to this product (rule single-output, from study)
one product: nothing to allocate
Rights
CC-BY-4.0: the ChemE-as-Code process library's own concept design (LICENSE-DATA)

Exchanges per 1 kilogram of Potassium permanganate (technical grade) to packing

As exported: allocated and scaled to the reference product. Provenance: 11 assumed. Pedigree scores (1 best, 5 worst): reliability, completeness, temporal correlation, geographical correlation, further technological correlation.

Preliminary4 exchanges are not yet linked to a background dataset. They count no burden, so the inventory is incomplete: do not read a result from it as complete.
InputAmountUnitProvenancePedigreeLinked to
Manganese ore (MnO2 concentrate) dried and ground
feed:ORE
stream S1 (scripts/kmno4_balance.py, D-003)
From stream S1
0.7874kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Potassium hydroxide make-up (50 wt% solution)
feed:KOH
stream S2: make-up equal to the K leaving with product, residue and purge (D-008)
From stream S2
0.9197kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Hydrated lime
feed:LIME
stream S7 (D-005)
From stream S7
0.03204kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Process water
feed:PW
stream S9 (D-006)
From stream S9
1.313kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for water, deionised (water, deionised, RoW) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Fired heat (natural gas, indirect firing of the roaster)
feed:FUEL
Q1: roaster heat delivered, from the lumped balance (D-009)
heat, natural gas firing, 826.85 degC
From stream Q1
0.991kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: heat from natural gas, industrial furnace, per kWh (Atlas unit proxy) (heat from natural gas, by energy, GLO)
LP steam 450 kPa(a) (condensate returned)
feed:LPS
Q7 (leach heating) + Q8 (KOH evaporator) + Q10 (dryer), D-009
steam, LP, 147.65 degC, 4.5 bar(a)
From streams Q7, Q8, Q10
1.722kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: heat from steam, per kWh (Atlas unit proxy) (heat from steam, by energy, GLO)
Electric power (AC, grid)
feed:POWER
Q2 (rectifier AC for the cells, 0.546 kWh/kg) + Q11 (auxiliaries, ASSUMED 150 kWh/t), D-006, D-009
electricity
From streams Q2, Q11
0.6958kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3market for electricity, medium voltage (electricity, medium voltage, DE, site location) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Washed leach residue to disposal
product:RESIDUE
stream S12 (D-005)
From stream S12
0.3902kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Mother-liquor purge to effluent treatment
product:PURGE
stream S23 (D-008)
From stream S23
0.7035kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): wastewater to treatment, per kg (Atlas unit proxy) (wastewater, by mass, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names wastewater only; wastewater (Wastewater treated) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)
Cooling water return
product:CW
Q4, Q5, Q6, Q9 (D-009)
cold, 25 degC
From streams Q4, Q5, Q6, Q9
2.076kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): cooling water service, per kWh heat rejected (Atlas screening proxy) (heat rejected to cooling water, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names cooling-water only; cooling-water (Heat rejected to cooling water, 25/35 degC) is taken; unit kilowatt hour; carrier cold, 25 degC from cold, 25 degC; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)

Elementary flows

FlowDirectionCompartmentAmountUnitProvenancePedigree
Hydrogen
no biosphere3 UUID: linked by name and compartment
From streams S6, S15, S16, S21
emissionair0.007968kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3

The streams are the plant's own flows: an amount here is allocated and per 1 kilogram of Potassium permanganate (technical grade) to packing, so it differs from the stream's flow, and it can sum several streams.

Where these numbers come from: each exchange names its source above; the dataset is processes/potassium-permanganate-1/lca/dataset.yaml in library version c3ab348.

Used by

No other activity of this database links to it.

How good it is

Review
Not reviewed: no LCI review record yet
Data quality
DQR 2.33 · PEF-style DQR 2.75
TeR 3 · GeR 3 · TiR 1 · P 4 · C 4 · weakest TeR · primary data 0 %
Mass and carbon closure
Assessed (lca/manifest.json balance, tolerance 5 %: design maturity concept (sourced screening))
  • lci-carbon-origin: closed
  • lci-element-balance: closed
  • lci-mass-balance: closed
Change report
Not available: this build has no change report against an earlier release.

KPI benchmark positions

Not available: no benchmarked KPI for this dataset.

How to use it

Downloads

A file with this activity alone is not available: each file above is the whole database, and the line under it says how to find this activity there.

import bw2data as bd
from cheme_as_code_lci import install

bd.projects.set_current("my-project")   # holds your licensed background + biosphere3
install("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348.xlsx", background="ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff", location="DE")
activity = bd.get_activity(("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348", "potassium-permanganate-1:potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h:product:KMNO4"))

While any exchange of the database has no mapping, install() writes nothing and only lists the unlinked exchanges. So the last line finds no activity until the gaps are mapped: the download section gives the ways to use the database now.

How to cite

Potassium permanganate (technical grade) to packing, from Potassium permanganate from MnO2 ore by KOH roasting and electrolysis (1250 kg/h, concept) (dataset potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h 0.1.0), ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database preview-c3ab348, activity potassium-permanganate-1:potassium-permanganate-from-mno2-ore-by-koh-roasting-and-electrolytic-oxidation-1250-kg-h:product:KMNO4. Cite the Process Atlas paper (in preparation, 2026), by Artur M. Schweidtmann and Jana M. Weber, and the ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database version preview-c3ab348.

DOI: none yet (the Process Atlas paper is in preparation)

For the data, cite the Process Atlas paper; for the platform that builds and checks it, the ChemE-as-Code paper.

Schweidtmann, A. M. & Weber, J. M. (2026, in preparation). Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_process_atlas,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M. and Weber, Jana M.},
  title = {{Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://atlas.cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}

Schweidtmann, A. M. (2026, in preparation). ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_cheme_as_code,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M.},
  title = {{ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}