Thionyl chloride to storage

Activity Thionyl chloride from sulfur, chlorine and SO2 over activated carbon (3.75 t/h), GLO: the inventory of 1 kilogram of its reference product, attributional, cut-off.

Calculation maturity: not assessed Design maturity: Concept (research)Not independently reviewedthionyl-chloride-1:thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h:product:SOCL2PreliminaryReport a problem with this dataset
Research outputAn inventory from a research design at the design maturity its process states, not verified plant data: check its calculation maturity and review status before use. Background activities are referenced by name only; no background data is included. All caveats

What it is

Unallocated foreground LCI of Thionyl chloride from sulfur, chlorine and SO2 over activated carbon (3.75 t/h), case design, derived from the flowsheet by cheme assess lca.

Reference product
1 kilogram of Thionyl chloride to storage (liquid, 3 bar(a), 35 degC, 99.7082 % SOCL2 (mole))
Chemical
thionyl-chloride
CAS
7719-09-7
Code
thionyl-chloride-1:thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h:product:SOCL2
Dataset
thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h version 0.1.0 · UUID a4ec4b4d-4699-558f-bec8-12c115b734cd
Activity UUID
not available (the library assigns none; use the code)
Database
cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348 (version preview-c3ab348)
Process
Thionyl chloride from sulfur, chlorine and SO2 over activated carbon (3.75 t/h)
Geography
GLO · background inputs with a site rule link at the user's site location (default DE)
Time period
2026 · valid until 2031
Technology
Sulfur chlorinated to S2Cl2/SCl2 in the boundary; SCl2 + SO2 + Cl2 over activated carbon at 398-473 K; condensation, degassing and SO2/Cl2 recycle; distillation with sulfur; caustic purge scrubber; 3.75 t/h thionyl chloride · level current
Boundary
gate-to-gate foreground of the plant
Production volume
30,000,000 kg/a (product:SOCL2 per hour x operation.hours_per_year (8000 h/a))
Classification
ISIC Rev.4 2011 (taxonomy/families.yaml (ISIC Rev.4) of the process's families)
System model
attributional, cut-off (docs/system-model.md, methodology 1.1.0)
Allocation
mass, 100 % of the dataset to this product (rule single-output, from default)
one product: nothing to allocate
Rights
CC-BY-4.0: the ChemE-as-Code process library's own concept design (LICENSE-DATA)

Exchanges per 1 kilogram of Thionyl chloride to storage

As exported: allocated and scaled to the reference product. Provenance: 15 assumed. Pedigree scores (1 best, 5 worst): reliability, completeness, temporal correlation, geographical correlation, further technological correlation.

Preliminary5 exchanges are not yet linked to a background dataset. They count no burden, so the inventory is incomplete: do not read a result from it as complete.
InputAmountUnitProvenancePedigreeLinked to
Molten sulfur (merchant sulfur from refinery or gas-plant sulfur recovery)
feed:SULFUR
flowsheet stream S1 (D-003, D-004, D-008)
From stream S1
0.1357kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for sulfur (sulfur, GLO) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Chlorine gas (chlor-alkali-1)
feed:CL2
flowsheet stream S2 (D-003)
From stream S2
0.598kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (pinned): Chlor-alkali by membrane-cell electrolysis (100 kt/a Cl2, 50 wt-% caustic soda, hydrogen) (Dry chlorine gas to the consumer (400 kPa(a)), GLO)
compatible: grade the input names no chemical only; chlorine (Dry chlorine gas to the consumer (400 kPa(a))) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation shares (deviation); boundary plant gate (pinned): no distribution or losses; the consumer's dataset counts its delivery
Liquid sulfur dioxide (merchant; sulfur burning)
feed:SO2
flowsheet stream S3 (D-003)
From stream S3
0.2738kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Caustic soda 50 wt% (chlor-alkali-1)
feed:NAOH
flowsheet stream S40 (D-009)
From stream S40
0.02111kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (pinned): Chlor-alkali by membrane-cell electrolysis (100 kt/a Cl2, 50 wt-% caustic soda, hydrogen) (Sodium hydroxide, Caustic soda 50 wt-% to storage, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names no chemical only; sodium-hydroxide (Sodium hydroxide, Caustic soda 50 wt-% to storage) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation shares (deviation); boundary plant gate (pinned): no distribution or losses; the consumer's dataset counts its delivery
Process water (scrubber dilution)
feed:PW
flowsheet stream S41 (D-009)
From stream S41
0.08443kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for water, deionised (water, deionised, RoW) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Electric power
feed:POWER
flowsheet energy streams Q11 (recycle compressor), Q14-Q17 (pumps), D-010
electricity
From streams Q11, Q14, Q15, Q16, Q17
0.004715kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3market for electricity, medium voltage (electricity, medium voltage, DE, site location) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
LP steam 500 kPa(a)
feed:LPS
flowsheet energy streams Q3, Q4, Q5 (vaporisers, preheater), Q9 (degasser reboiler), Q13 (column reboiler), D-010
steam, LP, 151.83 degC, 5 bar(a)
From streams Q3, Q4, Q5, Q9, Q13
0.4219kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: heat from steam, per kWh (Atlas unit proxy) (heat from steam, by energy, GLO)
Spent scrubber liquor to wastewater treatment
product:EFF
flowsheet stream S44 (D-009)
From stream S44
0.1127kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): wastewater to treatment, per kg (Atlas unit proxy) (wastewater, by mass, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names wastewater only; wastewater (Wastewater treated) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)
Cooling water return
product:CW
flowsheet energy streams Q1, Q2 (chlorinators), Q6 (reactor), Q7 (crude condenser), Q12 (column condenser), D-010
cold, 25 degC
From streams Q1, Q2, Q6, Q7, Q12
0.5015kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): cooling water service, per kWh heat rejected (Atlas screening proxy) (heat rejected to cooling water, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names cooling-water only; cooling-water (Heat rejected to cooling water, 25/35 degC) is taken; unit kilowatt hour; carrier cold, 25 degC from cold, 25 degC; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)
Refrigerated brine return (253 K)
product:BRINE
flowsheet energy streams Q8 (crude after-condenser) and Q10 (degasser condenser), D-007
cold, -20 degC
From streams Q8, Q10
0.1186kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges

Elementary flows

FlowDirectionCompartmentAmountUnitProvenancePedigree
Chlorine
39d1390a-ded6-41cb-a536-d47510bf2fbc
From stream S43
emissionair1.671e-6kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3
S2CL2 to the environment
emission:S2CL2
unlinked
unlinked, no biosphere mapping: emission of S2CL2 (fossil) has no biosphere3 flow identity and is not in lci/mappings.yaml biosphere
From stream S43
emissionnot linked1.739e-11kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3
SCL2 to the environment
emission:SCL2
unlinked
unlinked, no biosphere mapping: emission of SCL2 (fossil) has no biosphere3 flow identity and is not in lci/mappings.yaml biosphere
From stream S43
emissionnot linked2.721e-8kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3
Sulfur dioxide
78c3efe4-421c-4d30-82e4-b97ac5124993
From stream S43
emissionair / non-urban air or from high stacks5.267e-6kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3
SOCL2 to the environment
emission:SOCL2
unlinked
unlinked, no biosphere mapping: emission of SOCL2 (fossil) has no biosphere3 flow identity and is not in lci/mappings.yaml biosphere
From stream S43
emissionnot linked2.306e-7kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3

The streams are the plant's own flows: an amount here is allocated and per 1 kilogram of Thionyl chloride to storage, so it differs from the stream's flow, and it can sum several streams.

Where these numbers come from: each exchange names its source above; the dataset is processes/thionyl-chloride-1/lca/dataset.yaml in library version c3ab348.

Used by

No other activity of this database links to it.

How good it is

Review
Not reviewed: no LCI review record yet
Data quality
DQR 2.33 · PEF-style DQR 2.75
TeR 3 · GeR 3 · TiR 1 · P 4 · C 4 · weakest TeR · primary data 0 %
Mass and carbon closure
Assessed (lca/manifest.json balance, tolerance 5 %: design maturity concept (sourced screening))
  • lci-carbon-origin: closed
  • lci-element-balance: closed
  • lci-mass-balance: closed
Change report
Not available: this build has no change report against an earlier release.

KPI benchmark positions

Not available: no benchmarked KPI for this dataset.

How to use it

Downloads

A file with this activity alone is not available: each file above is the whole database, and the line under it says how to find this activity there.

import bw2data as bd
from cheme_as_code_lci import install

bd.projects.set_current("my-project")   # holds your licensed background + biosphere3
install("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348.xlsx", background="ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff", location="DE")
activity = bd.get_activity(("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348", "thionyl-chloride-1:thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h:product:SOCL2"))

While any exchange of the database has no mapping, install() writes nothing and only lists the unlinked exchanges. So the last line finds no activity until the gaps are mapped: the download section gives the ways to use the database now.

How to cite

Thionyl chloride to storage, from Thionyl chloride from sulfur, chlorine and SO2 over activated carbon (3.75 t/h) (dataset thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h 0.1.0), ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database preview-c3ab348, activity thionyl-chloride-1:thionyl-chloride-from-sulfur-chlorine-and-so2-over-activated-carbon-3.75-t-h:product:SOCL2. Cite the Process Atlas paper (in preparation, 2026), by Artur M. Schweidtmann and Jana M. Weber, and the ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database version preview-c3ab348.

DOI: none yet (the Process Atlas paper is in preparation)

For the data, cite the Process Atlas paper; for the platform that builds and checks it, the ChemE-as-Code paper.

Schweidtmann, A. M. & Weber, J. M. (2026, in preparation). Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_process_atlas,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M. and Weber, Jana M.},
  title = {{Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://atlas.cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}

Schweidtmann, A. M. (2026, in preparation). ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_cheme_as_code,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M.},
  title = {{ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}