N-Bromosuccinimide crystals to packing

Activity N-Bromosuccinimide by semi-batch bromination of succinimide in aqueous NaOH (500 t/a), GLO: the inventory of 1 kilogram of its reference product, attributional, cut-off.

Calculation maturity: not assessed Design maturity: Concept (research)Not independently reviewedn-bromosuccinimide-1:n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a:product:NBSPreliminaryReport a problem with this dataset
Research outputAn inventory from a research design at the design maturity its process states, not verified plant data: check its calculation maturity and review status before use. Background activities are referenced by name only; no background data is included. All caveats

What it is

Unallocated foreground LCI of N-Bromosuccinimide by semi-batch bromination of succinimide in aqueous NaOH (500 t/a), case design, derived from the flowsheet by cheme assess lca.

Reference product
1 kilogram of N-Bromosuccinimide crystals to packing (1.01325 bar(a), 30 degC, 98.6168 % NBS_S (mass))
Chemical
n-bromosuccinimide
CAS
128-08-5
Code
n-bromosuccinimide-1:n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a:product:NBS
Dataset
n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a version 0.1.0 · UUID 5ed669b2-a551-5295-af61-199050d0ea66
Activity UUID
not available (the library assigns none; use the code)
Database
cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348 (version preview-c3ab348)
Process
N-Bromosuccinimide by semi-batch bromination of succinimide in aqueous NaOH (500 t/a)
Geography
GLO · background inputs with a site rule link at the user's site location (default DE)
Time period
2026 · valid until 2031
Technology
Batch plant: succinimide dissolved in caustic soda at 278 K, bromine dosed over 2 h (semi-batch), NBS precipitated, filtered, reslurry-washed with ice water and vacuum-dried at 333 K in an agitated filter-dryer; 334.41 kg per batch, 1495 batches a year on a dedicated train · level current
Boundary
gate-to-gate foreground of the plant
Production volume
500,000 kg/a (product:NBS per hour x operation.hours_per_year (7920 h/a))
Classification
ISIC Rev.4 2011 (taxonomy/families.yaml (ISIC Rev.4) of the process's families)
System model
attributional, cut-off (docs/system-model.md, methodology 1.1.0)
Allocation
mass, 100 % of the dataset to this product (rule single-output, from default)
one product: nothing to allocate
Rights
CC-BY-4.0: the ChemE-as-Code process library's own concept design (LICENSE-DATA)

Exchanges per 1 kilogram of N-Bromosuccinimide crystals to packing

As exported: allocated and scaled to the reference product. Provenance: 10 assumed, 1 calculated. Pedigree scores (1 best, 5 worst): reliability, completeness, temporal correlation, geographical correlation, further technological correlation.

Preliminary4 exchanges are not yet linked to a background dataset. They count no burden, so the inventory is incomplete: do not read a result from it as complete.
InputAmountUnitProvenancePedigreeLinked to
Process water (dissolution)
feed:PW
flowsheet stream S1 (D-004)
From stream S1
2.983kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for water, deionised (water, deionised, RoW) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Caustic soda 50 wt% (chlor-alkali-1)
feed:NAOH
flowsheet stream S2 (D-004)
From stream S2
0.4871kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (pinned): Chlor-alkali by membrane-cell electrolysis (100 kt/a Cl2, 50 wt-% caustic soda, hydrogen) (Sodium hydroxide, Caustic soda 50 wt-% to storage, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names no chemical only; sodium-hydroxide (Sodium hydroxide, Caustic soda 50 wt-% to storage) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation shares (deviation); boundary plant gate (pinned): no distribution or losses; the consumer's dataset counts its delivery
Succinimide (merchant)
feed:SUCC
flowsheet stream S3 (D-004)
From stream S3
0.6034kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Liquid bromine (bromine-1)
feed:BR2
flowsheet stream S5 (D-004)
From stream S5
0.954kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (pinned): Bromine from bromide brine by chlorine oxidation and steaming-out (Smackover-type brine) (Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names no chemical only; bromine (Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate (pinned): no distribution or losses; the consumer's dataset counts its delivery
Ice-cold process water (cake wash)
feed:WASHW
flowsheet stream S10 (D-007)
From stream S10
1.516kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for water, deionised (water, deionised, RoW) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Electric power
feed:POWER
flowsheet energy streams P1 (dissolver and brominator agitators) and P3 (filter-dryer agitator and vacuum pump), D-009
electricity
From streams P1, P2, P3
0.09504kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3market for electricity, medium voltage (electricity, medium voltage, DE, site location) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
LP steam 350 kPa(a) (to the dryer's hot-water circuit)
feed:LPS
flowsheet energy stream Q3 (filter-dryer hot-water circuit), D-009
steam, LP, 138.85 degC, 3.5 bar(a)
From stream Q3
0.3086kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: heat from steam, per kWh (Atlas unit proxy) (heat from steam, by energy, GLO)
Mother liquor, wash filtrate and dryer condensate to wastewater treatment
product:WW
flowsheet stream S16 (D-010)
From stream S16
5.543kilogramcalculated3 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): wastewater to treatment, per kg (Atlas unit proxy) (wastewater, by mass, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names wastewater only; wastewater (Wastewater treated) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)
Chilled brine return (263 K)
product:BRINE
flowsheet energy streams Q1 (charge cooling) and Q2 (heat of bromination), D-009
cold, -10 degC
From streams Q1, Q2
0.2553kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (chemical 'chilled-water'); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Rinse water of R-101 and F-101 between batches
consumable:rinse-water
2 rinses per batch (recipe operations clean of R-101 and F-101) x 0.5 m3 each, ASSUMED (D-003, D-012); 1000 kg per batch x 1495.15 batches in 7920 h (process/recipe.yaml, case design, bottleneck BROMINATE)
2.99kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Disposal: Rinse water of R-101 and F-101 between batches (site wastewater treatment of the rinse water, with the saline bromide liquor (D-010))
disposal:consumable.rinse-water
rinses to the wastewater treatment with the liquors (D-012)
2.99kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges

Elementary flows

No elementary flows are exported for this activity (pass-through emissions and free inputs are left out, see the caveats).

The streams are the plant's own flows: an amount here is allocated and per 1 kilogram of N-Bromosuccinimide crystals to packing, so it differs from the stream's flow, and it can sum several streams.

Where these numbers come from: each exchange names its source above; the dataset is processes/n-bromosuccinimide-1/lca/dataset.yaml in library version c3ab348.

Used by

No other activity of this database links to it.

How good it is

Review
Not reviewed: no LCI review record yet
Data quality
DQR 2.33 · PEF-style DQR 2.73
TeR 3 · GeR 3 · TiR 1 · P 3.91 · C 4 · weakest TeR · primary data 0 %
Mass and carbon closure
Assessed (lca/manifest.json balance, tolerance 5 %: design maturity concept (sourced screening))
  • lci-carbon-origin: not-assessable
  • lci-element-balance: not-assessable
  • lci-mass-balance: closed
  • element balance not assessable: no composition for consumable:rinse-water (no composition), disposal:consumable.rinse-water (no composition)
  • carbon balance not assessable: no composition for consumable:rinse-water (no composition), disposal:consumable.rinse-water (no composition)
Change report
Not available: this build has no change report against an earlier release.

KPI benchmark positions

KPIValueReference rangePosition
Bromine consumption per kg of N-bromosuccinimide
No open source with a plant's or a pilot's bromine use per kg NBS found (searched 2026-11-05: Google Patents for the preparation of N-bromosuccinimide from succinimide, bromine and NaOH, US 2 971 960 read; PubChem CID 67184; web search for NBS production yields). Only the stoichiometric floor, 0.898 kg/kg, is known.
– kg/kgnot availablenot evaluated
Wastewater (mother liquor, wash and condensate) per kg of N-bromosuccinimide
No open source with the liquor volume of NBS manufacture found (searched 2026-11-05 as for nbs-specific-bromine); US 2 971 960 says only that the caustic route needs much water to wash the bromide out of the product, no amount.
– kg/kgnot availablenot evaluated

How to use it

Downloads

A file with this activity alone is not available: each file above is the whole database, and the line under it says how to find this activity there.

import bw2data as bd
from cheme_as_code_lci import install

bd.projects.set_current("my-project")   # holds your licensed background + biosphere3
install("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348.xlsx", background="ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff", location="DE")
activity = bd.get_activity(("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348", "n-bromosuccinimide-1:n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a:product:NBS"))

While any exchange of the database has no mapping, install() writes nothing and only lists the unlinked exchanges. So the last line finds no activity until the gaps are mapped: the download section gives the ways to use the database now.

How to cite

N-Bromosuccinimide crystals to packing, from N-Bromosuccinimide by semi-batch bromination of succinimide in aqueous NaOH (500 t/a) (dataset n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a 0.1.0), ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database preview-c3ab348, activity n-bromosuccinimide-1:n-bromosuccinimide-by-semi-batch-bromination-of-succinimide-in-aqueous-naoh-500-t-a:product:NBS. Cite the Process Atlas paper (in preparation, 2026), by Artur M. Schweidtmann and Jana M. Weber, and the ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database version preview-c3ab348.

DOI: none yet (the Process Atlas paper is in preparation)

For the data, cite the Process Atlas paper; for the platform that builds and checks it, the ChemE-as-Code paper.

Schweidtmann, A. M. & Weber, J. M. (2026, in preparation). Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_process_atlas,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M. and Weber, Jana M.},
  title = {{Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://atlas.cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}

Schweidtmann, A. M. (2026, in preparation). ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_cheme_as_code,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M.},
  title = {{ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}