Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage

Activity Bromine from bromide brine by chlorine oxidation and steaming-out (Smackover-type brine), GLO: the inventory of 1 kilogram of its reference product, attributional, cut-off.

Calculation maturity: not assessed Design maturity: Concept (research)Not independently reviewedbromine-1:bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2:product:BR2PreliminaryReport a problem with this dataset
Research outputAn inventory from a research design at the design maturity its process states, not verified plant data: check its calculation maturity and review status before use. Background activities are referenced by name only; no background data is included. All caveats

What it is

Unallocated foreground LCI of Bromine from bromide brine by chlorine oxidation and steaming-out (3 750 kg/h Br2), case design, derived from the flowsheet by cheme assess lca.

Reference product
1 kilogram of Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage (2 bar(a), 30 degC, 99.957 % Br2 (mass))
Chemical
bromine
CAS
7726-95-6
Code
bromine-1:bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2:product:BR2
Dataset
bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2 version 0.1.0 · UUID a0a112d1-e80b-58fb-a5cb-d97f45682dfc
Activity UUID
not available (the library assigns none; use the code)
Database
cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348 (version preview-c3ab348)
Process
Bromine from bromide brine by chlorine oxidation and steaming-out (Smackover-type brine)
Geography
GLO · background inputs with a site rule link at the user's site location (default DE)
Time period
2026 · valid until 2031
Technology
Hot-brine steaming-out tower (chlorine oxidation of bromide, live LP steam), bromine condenser and gravity separator, chlorine stripping column, sulfuric acid drying, lime neutralisation of the tail brine; 30 kt/a Br2 from 913 t/h brine at 4 300 mg/kg bromide; chlorine from a chlor-alkali plant · level current
Boundary
gate-to-gate foreground of the plant
Production volume
30,000,000 kg/a (product:BR2 per hour x operation.hours_per_year (8000 h/a))
Classification
ISIC Rev.4 2011 (taxonomy/families.yaml (ISIC Rev.4) of the process's families)
System model
attributional, cut-off (docs/system-model.md, methodology 1.1.0)
Allocation
mass, 100 % of the dataset to this product (rule single-output, from default)
one product: nothing to allocate
Rights
CC-BY-4.0: the ChemE-as-Code process library's own concept design (LICENSE-DATA)

Exchanges per 1 kilogram of Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage

As exported: allocated and scaled to the reference product. Provenance: 10 assumed. Pedigree scores (1 best, 5 worst): reliability, completeness, temporal correlation, geographical correlation, further technological correlation.

Preliminary3 exchanges are not yet linked to a background dataset. They count no burden, so the inventory is incomplete: do not read a result from it as complete.
InputAmountUnitProvenancePedigreeLinked to
Raw bromide brine from the brine field (Smackover-type, 195 degF)
feed:BRINE
S1, D-004
From stream S1
243.4kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Chlorine, vaporised liquid chlorine (chlor-alkali-1 product, liquefied)
feed:CL2
S3, D-003
From stream S3
0.5705kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (pinned): Chlor-alkali by membrane-cell electrolysis (100 kt/a Cl2, 50 wt-% caustic soda, hydrogen) (Dry chlorine gas to the consumer (400 kPa(a)), GLO)
compatible: grade the input names no chemical only; chlorine (Dry chlorine gas to the consumer (400 kPa(a))) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation shares (deviation); boundary plant gate (pinned): no distribution or losses; the consumer's dataset counts its delivery
LP steam 350 kPa(a), live steam to the steaming-out tower
feed:LPS
S4, D-006
From stream S4
5.815kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: steam, saturated, 11 bar(a), per kg, as heat from steam (Atlas unit proxy) (steam, saturated, 11 bar(a), GLO)
LP steam 350 kPa(a) to the C-104 reboiler (condensate returned)
feed:LPH
Q2, D-007
steam, LP, 137.85 degC, 3.5 bar(a)
From stream Q2
0.01619kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas: heat from steam, per kWh (Atlas unit proxy) (heat from steam, by energy, GLO)
Sulfuric acid 98 wt-% for bromine drying
feed:H2SO4
S13, D-008
From stream S13
0.002091kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3market for sulfuric acid (sulfuric acid, RER) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Hydrated lime for tail brine neutralisation
feed:LIME
S16, D-009
From stream S16
0.1323kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Electric power (AC, grid)
feed:POWER
Q5, Q6; D-011
electricity
From streams Q5, Q6
0.03216kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3market for electricity, medium voltage (electricity, medium voltage, DE, site location) in your background (default ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff)
Spent sulfuric acid (80 wt-%) to neutralisation or regeneration
product:SPACID
S14, D-008
From stream S14
0.00256kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3unlinked
unlinked, no technosphere mapping: no mapping (no chemical slug or factor id); add it to lci/mappings.yaml technosphere or to the process's lca/mappings.yaml exchanges
Neutralised tail brine to reinjection into the brine formation
product:TAILB
S17, D-009
From stream S17
248.9kilogramassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): wastewater to treatment, per kg (Atlas unit proxy) (wastewater, by mass, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names wastewater only; wastewater (Wastewater treated) is taken; unit kilogram; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)
Cooling water return
product:CW
Q1, Q3, Q4; D-010
cold, 25 degC
From streams Q1, Q3, Q4
0.1791kilowatt hourassumed4 4 1 3 3Atlas (plant): cooling water service, per kWh heat rejected (Atlas screening proxy) (heat rejected to cooling water, GLO)
compatible: grade the input names cooling-water only; cooling-water (Heat rejected to cooling water, 25/35 degC) is taken; unit kilowatt hour; carrier cold, 25 degC from cold, 25 degC; system model cutoff (one database); allocation mass (single-output); boundary plant gate of a site utility: no utility market yet (docs/markets.md)

Elementary flows

No elementary flows are exported for this activity (pass-through emissions and free inputs are left out, see the caveats).

The streams are the plant's own flows: an amount here is allocated and per 1 kilogram of Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage, so it differs from the stream's flow, and it can sum several streams.

Where these numbers come from: each exchange names its source above; the dataset is processes/bromine-1/lca/dataset.yaml in library version c3ab348.

Used by

How good it is

Review
Not reviewed: no LCI review record yet
Data quality
DQR 2.33 · PEF-style DQR 2.75
TeR 3 · GeR 3 · TiR 1 · P 4 · C 4 · weakest TeR · primary data 0 %
Mass and carbon closure
Assessed (lca/manifest.json balance, tolerance 5 %: design maturity concept (sourced screening))
  • lci-carbon-origin: closed
  • lci-element-balance: closed
  • lci-mass-balance: closed
Change report
Not available: this build has no change report against an earlier release.

KPI benchmark positions

Not available: no benchmarked KPI for this dataset.

How to use it

Downloads

A file with this activity alone is not available: each file above is the whole database, and the line under it says how to find this activity there.

import bw2data as bd
from cheme_as_code_lci import install

bd.projects.set_current("my-project")   # holds your licensed background + biosphere3
install("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348.xlsx", background="ecoinvent-3.11-cutoff", location="DE")
activity = bd.get_activity(("cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-c3ab348", "bromine-1:bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2:product:BR2"))

While any exchange of the database has no mapping, install() writes nothing and only lists the unlinked exchanges. So the last line finds no activity until the gaps are mapped: the download section gives the ways to use the database now.

How to cite

Bromine, dry (99.96 wt-% Br2) to storage, from Bromine from bromide brine by chlorine oxidation and steaming-out (Smackover-type brine) (dataset bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2 0.1.0), ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database preview-c3ab348, activity bromine-1:bromine-from-bromide-brine-by-chlorine-oxidation-and-steaming-out-3-750-kg-h-br2:product:BR2. Cite the Process Atlas paper (in preparation, 2026), by Artur M. Schweidtmann and Jana M. Weber, and the ChemE-as-Code Process Atlas LCI database version preview-c3ab348.

DOI: none yet (the Process Atlas paper is in preparation)

For the data, cite the Process Atlas paper; for the platform that builds and checks it, the ChemE-as-Code paper.

Schweidtmann, A. M. & Weber, J. M. (2026, in preparation). Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_process_atlas,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M. and Weber, Jana M.},
  title = {{Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://atlas.cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}

Schweidtmann, A. M. (2026, in preparation). ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title).

BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_cheme_as_code,
  author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M.},
  title = {{ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for AI-Accelerated Chemical Process Engineering (working title)}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://cheme-as-code.org},
  note = {in preparation}
}