Irreversible reaction

Natural gas combustion (calciner)

CH4+2O2CO2+2H2O

Direction
Irreversible
Processes
10
Stated as
Fixed conversion, Stoichiometry only
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -802,584 kJ/kmol (4 processes)
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -802,550 kJ/kmol (one process)
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -802,300 kJ/kmol (one process)
Heat of reaction
ΔH = -802,200 kJ/kmol (one process)
Element balance
Checked: balances in all 10 processes
As the processes state itStoichiometry, conversions, heats of reaction and catalyst windows are taken from each process's files with their provenance. The build checks only that each process's equation balances in every element, from the process's own component formulas; it does not check the numbers. A process's design maturity applies to them.

Species

SpeciesNameCASRoleCoefficient
CH4Methane74-82-8reactant-1
O2Oxygen7782-44-7reactant-2
CO2Carbon dioxide124-38-9product1
H2OWater7732-18-5product2

In the processes

12 statements in 10 processes: a process may state the reaction more than once (both ways, or at another scale).

Sources

What the processes cite for this reaction, each source once: for the reaction itself, its conversion, its heat of reaction or its catalyst. As the processes write them; DOIs, US patent numbers and web addresses are linked.

  1. stoichiometry

    For the reaction · cited by Acetic anhydride by the ketene route (acetic acid cracking, 50 kt/a, concept)

  2. D-010: complete combustion

    For the conversion · cited by Acetic anhydride by the ketene route (acetic acid cracking, 50 kt/a, concept)

  3. ideal-gas formation enthalpies of process/materials.yaml at 298.15 K

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Acetic anhydride by the ketene route (acetic acid cracking, 50 kt/a, concept)

  4. scripts/balance.py: extent for 3.5 vol% CO2 (US8975460B2) less the CO2 of the natural gas, D-005

    For the conversion · cited by Acetylene by partial oxidation of natural gas with NMP recovery (6.25 t/h, synthesis-gas co-product)

  5. ideal-gas formation enthalpies of materials.yaml (ATcT), 298.15 K

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Acetylene by partial oxidation of natural gas with NMP recovery (6.25 t/h, synthesis-gas co-product)

  6. D-011: fuel burnout in the fired heater, ASSUMED

    For the conversion · cited by Acetylene by partial oxidation of natural gas with NMP recovery (6.25 t/h, synthesis-gas co-product)

  7. D-008: complete combustion; CO and NOx not estimated

    For the conversion · cited by Alumina by the Bayer process (3000 t/d smelter-grade alumina, concept)

  8. formation enthalpies CH4 -74.6, CO2 -393.51, H2O(g) -241.82 kJ/mol (NBS tables)

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Alumina by the Bayer process (3000 t/d smelter-grade alumina, concept)

  9. US EPA, AP-42 Fifth Edition Vol. I, section 1.4 Natural Gas Combustion, Table 1.4-2 footnote b: the CO2 factor rests on approximately 100 % conversion of fuel carbon to CO2; CO and unburnt hydrocarbons in the flue gas are not modelled (I-07, D-034)

    For the conversion · cited by Ammonia from natural gas (1500 t/d, steam reforming with air-fed secondary reformer, Haber-Bosch loop)

  10. D-013: complete combustion

    For the conversion · cited by Ethylene and propylene by ethane steam cracking (1000 kt/a ethylene, concept)

  11. complete combustion with 10 % excess air (D-009); CO, unburnt hydrocarbons and NOx are emission estimates, not stream components

    For the conversion · cited by Hydrogen by natural-gas steam methane reforming with PSA (100 000 Nm3/h, steam export)

  12. standard formation enthalpies, 298.15 K (process/materials.yaml)

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Hydrogen by natural-gas steam methane reforming with PSA (100 000 Nm3/h, steam export)

  13. formation enthalpies CH4(g) -74.8, CO2(g) -393.5, H2O(g) -241.8 kJ/mol (NBS tables)

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Bleached softwood kraft pulp with chemical recovery (1000 ADt/d market pulp, concept)

  14. D-011: complete combustion with 15 % excess air; CO, unburnt hydrocarbons and NOx are estimated outside the balance (lca/lca.yaml)

    For the conversion · cited by Natural gas processing (amine CO2 removal, TEG dehydration, turbo-expander NGL recovery)

  15. ideal-gas dHf of process/materials.yaml (ATcT): -393474 + 2 x -241822 - -74534

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Natural gas processing (amine CO2 removal, TEG dehydration, turbo-expander NGL recovery)

  16. D-006: set so the CH4 slip is the IPCC 2006 Tier 1 default 11.6 kg CH4/t SiC (EPA TSD 2009, Table 4)

    For the conversion · cited by Silicon carbide by the Acheson process (5000 kg/h crude SiC, concept)

  17. formation enthalpies, water as vapour (NIST-JANAF, D-007)

    For the heat of reaction · cited by Silicon carbide by the Acheson process (5000 kg/h crude SiC, concept)

  18. scripts/nacn_balance.py: CO2 at the CO2/HCN mole ratio 0.100 of US 4,847,062 A, Example 1 (D-004)

    For the conversion · cited by Solid sodium cyanide from Andrussow HCN (6.25 t/h, 50 kt/a)

  19. US 6,596,251 B2 (Degussa, 2003), background and examples (Pt/Rh10 gauze, 6 layers in the laboratory reactor)

    For the catalyst · cited by Solid sodium cyanide from Andrussow HCN (6.25 t/h, 50 kt/a)

  20. D-009: complete combustion

    For the conversion · cited by Solid sodium cyanide from Andrussow HCN (6.25 t/h, 50 kt/a)