Sourced conceptual inventory per tonne of crude oil (atmospheric unit) and per tonne of atmospheric residue (vacuum unit): cut yields from one public crude assay, utilities as midpoints of REF BREF ranges, furnace emissions from IPCC defaults. All cuts unallocated co-products. No flowsheet; not reviewed.
Crude oil distillation, atmospheric and vacuum (crude and high vacuum units)
Sourced conceptual inventory per tonne of crude oil (atmospheric unit) and per tonne of atmospheric residue (vacuum unit): cut yields from one public crude assay, utilities as midpoints of REF BREF ranges, furnace emissions from IPCC defaults. All cuts unallocated co-products. No flowsheet; not reviewed.
Research outputNot engineering advice and not an approved design: do not use it for construction, operation or safety decisions. What this means
Overview
- Capacity
- per tonne of crude oil (atmospheric dataset) and per tonne of atmospheric residue (vacuum dataset); no plant size
What goes in and out
In
- Crude oilFeedstockdesalted; Johan Sverdrup type (28.7 API, 0.81 wt% S), the crude of the assay
- Atmospheric residueFeedstockthe vacuum dataset's feed, linked to this process's atmospheric dataset (lca/mappings.yaml)
- WaterFeedstockwater carried with the desalted crude, 0.5 % on crude (REF BREF 3.19, overhead reflux drum)
Out
- Gas oil (straight-run)Main product240 to 360 degC, light and heavy gas oil (the assay gives 0.49 wt% S for its 230 to 375 degC cut, the sulfur hydrotreating-1 takes). Main product for the catalog label only: every cut is an unallocated co-product
- Refinery fuel gasCo-product
- Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)Co-product
- NaphthaCo-productC5 to 180 degC, unstabilised
- KeroseneCo-product180 to 240 degC
- Atmospheric residueCo-productabove 360 degC, the vacuum unit's feed
- Vacuum gas oilCo-product360 to 560 degC (cut point ASSUMED); the assay gives 1.00 wt% S, 931 kg/m3 and UOP K 11.8 for its 375 to 565 degC cut, the sulfur hydrocracking-1 takes
- Vacuum residueCo-productabove 560 degC
- Carbon dioxideEmissionfurnace flue gas, IPCC refinery gas default
- WastewaterWastesour water
Utilities: Electricity, Steam (stripping and ejector steam by mass; pressure not stated by the source), Cooling water (heat rejected, from the sourced flow at a 17 K rise)
Life cycle assessment
No footprint assessed yet; the process is part of the life-cycle inventory below.
In the open LCI database (cheme-as-code-atlas-preview-a3c52e4) as Vacuum gas oil (360 to 560 degC, light and heavy) Preliminary; Vacuum residue (above 560 degC) Preliminary; Refinery fuel gas, Refinery gas (C2 and lighter, to the fuel gas system) Preliminary; Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), Liquefied petroleum gas (C3 and C4) Preliminary; Naphtha (C5 to 180 degC), unstabilised Preliminary; Kerosene (180 to 240 degC) Preliminary; Gas oil (straight-run), Gas oil (240 to 360 degC, light and heavy) Preliminary; Atmospheric residue (above 360 degC, to the vacuum unit) Preliminary.
Download it for Brightway, openLCA and other tools.
In the LCI database: system model, datasets and KPIs against the benchmarks
In the LCI database
- Status
- Preliminary 4 unmapped exchanges. Some exchanges have no background mapping yet: they are exported unlinked and count no burden, so the inventory is incomplete.
- System model
- attributional, cut-off (methodology 1.1.0)
- Allocation
- energy (physical-energy, from mappings) · product:vacuum-gas-oil 61.7 %, product:vacuum-residue 38.3 %
- Allocation
- energy (physical-energy, from mappings) · product:atmospheric-residue 50.6 %, product:gas-oil 23.2 %, product:kerosene 8.6 %, product:lpg 2.3 %, product:naphtha 15.3 %, product:refinery-gas 0.12 %
- Allocation findings
- none
- Change report
- Not available: this build has no change report against an earlier release.
- Dataset pages
- Vacuum gas oil (360 to 560 degC, light and heavy) Preliminary · Vacuum residue (above 560 degC) Preliminary · Atmospheric residue (above 360 degC, to the vacuum unit) Preliminary · Gas oil (straight-run), Gas oil (240 to 360 degC, light and heavy) Preliminary · Kerosene (180 to 240 degC) Preliminary · Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), Liquefied petroleum gas (C3 and C4) Preliminary · Naphtha (C5 to 180 degC), unstabilised Preliminary · Refinery fuel gas, Refinery gas (C2 and lighter, to the fuel gas system) Preliminary
KPI benchmark positions
| KPI | Value | Reference range | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Furnace fuel and electricity per t of vacuum feed, vacuum unit No open per-tonne range independent of the dataset found (2026-11-05). The REF BREF ranges (Table 3.77) are the dataset's own source. US DOE (2007, Table 2-2) states 51 to 113 thousand Btu per barrel of vacuum feed; per tonne it needs a density, a modelling step (file comment). | – kWh/t | not available | not evaluated |
| Direct CO2 per t of vacuum feed, vacuum unit | – kg/t | 41 to 41 kg/t | not evaluated |
| Electricity per t of vacuum feed, vacuum unit No open per-tonne range independent of the dataset found (2026-11-05). The REF BREF range (Table 3.77, 1.5 to 4.5 kWh/t) is the dataset's own source; US DOE (2007, Table 3-6) gives one value per barrel (1.2 thousand Btu/bbl). | – kWh/t | not available | not evaluated |
| KPI | Value | Reference range | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Furnace fuel and electricity per t of crude oil, atmospheric unit No open per-tonne range independent of the dataset found (2026-11-05). The REF BREF ranges (Table 3.77) are the dataset's own source. US DOE (2007, Table 2-2) states 82 to 186 thousand Btu per barrel; per tonne it needs a crude density, a modelling step (file comment). | – kWh/t | not available | not evaluated |
| Direct CO2 per t of crude oil, atmospheric unit | – kg/t | 26 to 26 kg/t | not evaluated |
| Electricity per t of crude oil, atmospheric unit No open per-tonne range independent of the dataset found (2026-11-05). The REF BREF range (Table 3.77, 4 to 6 kWh/t) is the dataset's own source; US DOE (2007, Table 3-5) gives one value per barrel (2.3 thousand Btu/bbl). | – kWh/t | not available | not evaluated |
| Furnace fuel (LHV) per t of crude oil, atmospheric unit No open range independent of the dataset found (2026-11-05). The REF BREF range (Table 3.77, 400 to 680 MJ/t) is the dataset's own source. US DOE (2007) gives fuel and power together per barrel only. | – kWh/t | not available | not evaluated |
Maturity and review
Design maturity Concept (claimed): An idea or first flowsheet; numbers are rough. No independent engineering review yet. Automated checks passing is not a review.
Calculation maturity, from the checked evidenceNot assessed
The process has no maturity report (cheme maturity, checks/maturity.json), so no calculation maturity is established.
No level shownThe design maturity (Concept) is the manifest's claim, not evidence. A level appears here once the process's repository holds a current report from
cheme maturity --write.Artifact completeness
Which deliverables exist. They never raise a calculation maturity level: a drawing from unchecked numbers is still unchecked.
Not reported without a maturity report.
Independent review
Not independently reviewed
No independent engineering review yet. Automated checks passing is not a review.
Set by people only. Reaching a calculation maturity level or passing automated checks is not an independent review or an approval.
Where the evidence comes from
- Report
processes/refinery-distillation-1/checks/maturity.json(not in the library)- Method
- How ChemE-as-Code checks the levels (requirement by requirement)
Open items
0 open items · 0 closed
New action itemNew engineering holdNew technical queryNew design changeAll issues
Sources
- Library version
- a3c52e4 (process last changed in a3c52e4)
- Data
- Catalog record (JSON) · CC-BY-4.0
- Files
- View the files on GitHub · change history and authors
References
- Barthe, P., Chaugny, M., Roudier, S., Delgado Sancho, L. (2015) Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas. JRC Science and Policy Report EUR 27140 EN (JRC94879), sections 2.19 and 3.19 · doi:10.2791/010758
- TotalEnergies, crude oil data sheet Johan Sverdrup (assay of 1 April 2021, sheet July 2021), manufacturer literature
- IPCC (2006) 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Vol. 2 Energy, ch. 1 (Tables 1.2 and 1.4) and ch. 2 (Table 2.2)
- US DOE (2007) Energy and Environmental Profile of the U.S. Petroleum Refining Industry, prepared by Energetics, Tables 2-2, 3-5 and 3-6 (benchmarks only)
How to cite
For the data, cite the Process Atlas paper; for the platform that builds and checks it, the ChemE-as-Code paper.
Schweidtmann, A. M. & Weber, J. M. (2026, in preparation). Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title).
For this process: "Crude oil distillation, atmospheric and vacuum (crude and high vacuum units)", ChemE-as-Code process library, version a3c52e4.
BibTeX
@unpublished{schweidtmann_process_atlas,
author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M. and Weber, Jana M.},
title = {{Process Atlas: an open, git-native, reproducible library and life cycle inventory of chemical processes (working title)}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://atlas.cheme-as-code.org},
note = {in preparation}
}Schweidtmann, A. M. (2026). ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for Agentic AI in Chemical Engineering. arXiv:2611.07947. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.07947
BibTeX
@misc{schweidtmann_cheme_as_code,
author = {Schweidtmann, Artur M.},
title = {{ChemE-as-Code: An Open-Source Platform for Agentic AI in Chemical Engineering}},
year = {2026},
eprint = {2611.07947},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2611.07947},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.07947}
}